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Oral Histories


Health Physicist William J. Bair, Ph.D.

Biochemist Waldo E. Cohn, Ph.D.

Dr. Patricia Wallace Durbin, Ph.D.

Merril Eisenbud

Dr. Nadine Foreman, M.D.

Radiologist Hymer L. Friedell, M.D., Ph.D.

Health Physicist Carl C. Gamertsfelder, Ph.D.

Dr. John W. Gofman, M.D., Ph.D.

Radiation Biologist Marvin Goldman, Ph.D.

Julie Langham Grilly

John W. Healy

Hematologist Karl F. Hubner, M.D.

Oral History of Radiologist Henry I. Kohn, M.D., Ph.D.

Medical Physicist Katherine L. Lathrop and Physician Paul V. Harper

Pathologist Clarence Lushbaugh, M.D.

Health Physicist Constantine J. Maletskos, Ph.D.

Radiologist Earl R. Miller, M.D.

Health Physicist Karl Z. Morgan, Ph.D.

Biochemist William D. Moss

Physiologist Nello Pace, Ph.D.

Cell Biologist Don Francis Petersen, Ph.D.

Radiobiologist Chet Richmond, Ph.D.

Physician James S. Robertson, M.D., Ph.D.

Biophysicist Robert E. Rowland, Ph.D.

Biophysicist Cornelius A. Tobias, Ph.D.

Biochemist John Randolph Totter, Ph.D.

Oncologist Helen Vodopick, M.D.

Dr. George Voelz, M.D.

Donner Lab Administrator Baird G. Whaley

DOE/EH-0467

HUMAN RADIATION STUDIES:
REMEMBERING THE EARLY YEARS

Oral History of Health Physicist Carl C. Gamertsfelder, Ph.D.

Conducted January 19, 1995

United States Department of Energy
Office of Human Radiation Experiments
September 1995


CONTENTS

Foreword
Short Biography
Education and Early Employment
Position at the University of Chicago
The First Reactor, December 2, 1942
Tenure at Oak Ridge and Move to Hanford
Health Physics Monitoring and Early Exposure Standards at Hanford
Biomedical Research at Hanford
Nuclear-Powered Aircraft; the Aircraft Nuclear Propulsion Program
Health Physics Response to Accidents at Hanford
The Green Run
General Electric Takes Over the Hanford Contract (1946)
Human Experimentation at Hanford
Environmental Monitoring at Hanford
Emergency Preparedness
Work on the Apollo Project
Accidents at Hanford and Idaho
Cancellation of the Aircraft Nuclear Propulsion Program
Current Environmental Concerns at Hanford
More Memories of December 2, 1942
The Genesis of Health Physics and Occupational Radiation Standards
Reflections on Herb Parker and Karl Morgan