DEFINED
BELOW are some technical terms relating
to radiation.
Radioactivity-the tendency of unstable atoms to undergo a spontaneous,
energyreleasing change in their structure. The energy released is called
radiation. It occurs at various energy levels. At a certain point, radiation
energy is sufficient to strip electrons from the atoms in materials it strikes
and is therefore called ionizing radiation. It is particularly dangerous for
humans because these energy levels are such that they also can cause damage to
living tissues. Ionizing radiation may involve alpha particles, beta particles,
gamma rays, xrays, or neutrons.
Alpha particles-a highenergy particle with a very short range. It
does not pose an external hazard because it cannot penetrate human skin. It may
be stopped by a single sheet of paper. However, if inhaled or ingested, the
particles come in direct contact with tissue cells and can cause severe damage.
Accordingly, alpha particles present a serious internal hazard. Uranium, radium,
and plutonium all emit alpha particles.
Beta particles-exhibit a wide range of energy levels. Some have
sufficient energy to penetrate human skin, and will cause skin burns. These
particles can cause damage if inhaled or ingested. Beta particles can be stopped
by plastic, aluminum, and wood. Tritium is one example of a beta emitter.
Gamma rays and x-rays-both are high-energy emissions that easily penetrate the
human body. They are, therefore, dangerous in high amounts as external radiation
hazards. They can be stopped by dense materials, such as lead, concrete, or
steel. Gamma rays are produced by isotopes such as lanthanum140, cesium137,
and cobalt60. X-rays are produced by medical xray tubes and the xray
machines used to examine carryon baggage at airports.
Neutrons-a component of the nucleus of an atom. Neutron radiation
can be harmful to living things. Neutrons are liberated in great numbers in a
nuclear reactor, but they do not present a hazard to humans because they are
absorbed by the heavy shielding that encloses the reactor. Neutrons are also
emitted during the spontaneous decay of certain radionuclides such as
californium252. Amount of radiation is expressed in several ways.
A curie is a measure of activity, or
the rate of disintegration of atoms undergoing change. This unit of measure is
often expressed as millicuries (thousandths of a curie) or microcuries
(millionths of a curie). A roentgen is a measure of the ionization of
air by x-rays or gamma rays.
Exposure-refers to being placed in a field of radiation energy.
Dose refers to energy imparted per unit mass of tissue. A rad is a
measure of the absorbed dose to tissue from exposure to radiation; that is, the
amount of energy deposited per unit mass of tissue. A
rem is a measure of dose equivalent in man. It is the dose in rads
multiplied by a weighting factor to account for the more damaging effects of
alpha particles and neutron radiation.
Background radiation-refers to the natural radiation to which people are
exposed in daily life. It differs for different locations and different
circumstances. Brick and wood homes emit different levels of background
radiation. Cities at different elevations have different levels of background
cosmic radiation. For example, the average annual dose from all sources to U.S.
residents is estimated to be 200 millirems per year. However, the average dose
to residents of Los Alamos, New Mexico, a city at high elevation is 330
millirems per year. A transcontinental airplane flight will result in a dose of
about 4 millirems to a passenger. A standard chest x-ray will result in a dose
of about 10 millirems.
Occupational dose-refers to the
dose that people receive in their workplace. To provide for the safety of
workers, the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP-60, 1990)
has established certain standards to limit the dose received by workers.
Standards for minors are 10 percent of the dose for adults. These annual dose
limits for radiation workers are:
| Whole body
|
2 rem |
| Skin or any extremities
|
50 rem |
| Eyes |
15 rem
|
| Embryo/fetus
|
0.2 rem |
By comparison, the annual dose limit for the
general public (not radiation workers) set by the Commission is 0.1 rem.
Plutonium Injection
PI-1.
Plutonium Injection Studies
Argonne National Laboratory
ANL-1. Radium
as an Experimental Therapy for Treating Mental Disorders at Elgin State Hospital
in Elgin, Illinois
ANL-2.
Effect of Phosphorus-32 on Hemoglobin Metabolism in Polycythemia Rubra Vera
ANL-3. Plutonium Ingestion
Study
ANL-4. Arsenic-76 Biodistribution and Excretion
Studies
ANL-5. Whole-Body Counter Calibration with Sodium-24
ANL-6. Uptake of Tritiated
Thymidine by Human Tumor
ANL-7. Hematological Effects of Total-Body XRay
Irradiation
ANL-8. Studies on the Biochemical Effects of
Total-Body X-Rays in Humans
ANL-9. Studies of the Metabolism of Arsenic-76
ANL-10. Effects of
Single-Dose X-Rays to the Nail Fold Area
ANL-11. Studies on the
Therapeutic Potential of Arsenic-76
ANL-12. Elimination of
Intravenous Carbon-14-Labeled Sodium Bicarbonate
ANL-13. Study of Dextran
Metabolism Using Carbon-14
ANL-14. Whole-Body Counter Calibration and
Evaluation of Techniques Using Potassium-42
ANL-15. Whole-Body Counter
Calibration Using Hospital Patients Administered Cesium-132
ANL-16. Absorption and
Dissolution of Atmospheric and Inhaled Radon
ANL-17. Studies of the Use
of Tritium and Carbon-14-Labeled Bile Acids in Metabolic Studies
Brookhaven National Laboratory
BNL-1.
Effectiveness of Iodine-131 in Diagnosing and Treating Graves' Disease and
Metastatic Carcinoma of the Thyroid
BNL-2.
Boron Neutron Capture Therapy
BNL-3. Iodine-131 Used to
Measure Thyroid Function in Young Children with Nephrotic Syndrome
BNL-4. Radioactive
Chlorine, Bromine, and Sodium in Extracellular Fluids
BNL-5. Measurement of the
Turnover Rate of Sodium in Nephrotic Children Using Sodium-24
BNL-6. Degradation Rate of
Iodine131-Labeled Normal Albumin Using the Whole-Body Gamma Spectrometer
BNL-7. Studies on
the Metabolism of Plasma Proteins in the Nephrotic Syndrome
BNL-8. Metabolism Studies
with Acetate Labeled with Carbon-14
BNL-9. Metabolic Studies
with Manganese-54
BNL-10. Magnesium Metabolism Studies in Humans with
Magnesium-28
BNL-11. Whole-Body Counting Technique Used to Study
Turnover of Globulins Labeled with Iodine-131
BNL-12. A Study of
Metabolic Pathways of Carbohydrate Formation Using Carbon-14
BNL-13. Analysis of Blood
Glucose Following Intravenous Injection of Carbon-14
BNL-14. The Metabolism and
Fate of Tritiated Thymidine in Humans
BNL-15. Study of Carbon-14-Labeled Ascorbic Acid
Metabolism
BNL-16. Dose-Response Relationships Between
Iodine-131 Administrations and Hematopoietic Effects
BNL-17. Estimation of Body
Water Volume and Potassium in Children Using Tritium and Potassium-42 as a
Tracer
BNL-18. Cerebrospinal Fluid Studies Using
Chlorine-38, Potassium-42, and Iodine-131
BNL-19. Study of Manganese
Metabolism Using Manganese-56 as a Tracer
BNL-20. Experimental
Systemic Therapy of Bone Tumors Using Gallium-72
BNL-21. Investigation of
Carbohydrate Formation Using Carbon-14-Labeled Acetate
BNL-22. Studies on the
Retention of Vitamin B12 Using Cobalt-60 and Cobalt-58 Tracers
BNL-23. Use of Iodine-124
for Scanning Brain Tumors
BNL-24. Studies of the Proliferation of Leukemic and
Multiple Myeloma Cells Using Tritiated Thymidine
BNL-25. Study of the Role
of Sodium in Hypertension Using Sodium-22
BNL-26. Study of Iron
Absorption and Loss by Whole-Body Counting Using Iron-59
BNL-27.
Plasma Binding Capacity for Vitamin B12
Using Cobalt-57 Tracer
BNL-28. A Short-Term Comparison of Calcium and
Strontium Metabolism Using Calcium-47 and Strontium-85
BNL-29. Study of
Tryptophan Metabolism Using Carbon-14
BNL-30. Use of Iodine-131
and Tritium Tracers in Studies of Vasopressin Metabolism
BNL-31. Metabolism of
Carbon-14-Labeled Acetate in Diabetics
BNL-32. Study of Vitamin B12
Metabolism Using Cobalt-58 and Cobalt-60
BNL-33. Studies of
Strontium Metabolism Using Calcium-47 and Strontium-85
BNL-34. Study of the
Metabolism of Cesium-137
BNL-35. Study of Tryptophan Conversion to
O-Aminophenol Using Carbon14
BNL-36. Total-Body Water
and Hematologic Studies in the Pacific Islanders Using Chromium-51 and Tritium
BNL-37. Study of Iron
Metabolism in Humans with Aregenerative Anemia Using Iron-59 and Chromium-51
BNL-38. Metabolism of
Zinc-65
BNL-39 .Study of Fatty Acid Synthesis Using Tritium
and Carbon-14-Labeled Glucose and Lactic Acid
BNL-40. Study of the
Metabolism of a Bladder Carcinogen Using Carbon-14
BNL-41. Study of
Metabolism of Lactate and Pyruvate with Diabetes Using Carbon-14 Tracer
BNL-42. A Study of Calcium
Metabolism in Parathyroid Deficiency Using Tracer Calcium-47
BNL-43. The Study of
Menstruation and Resulting Iron Deficiency Using Whole-Body Counting
BNL-44. Characterizing
Gamma Globulin Levels in Multiple Sclerosis with Iodine-131
BNL-45. Study of the
Metabolism of Scandium Using Scandium-46 as Tracer
BNL-46. Use of
Whole-Body Counting to Evaluate the Metabolism of Proteins Labeled with
Iodine-131
BNL-47. Study of Skeletal Discrimination Between
Calcium and Strontium Using Calcium-47 and Strontium-85
BNL-48. Evaluation of
Thyroid Function and Anatomy Using Technetium-99m Pertechnetate and Iodine-131
BNL-49. Metabolic Study of
Technetium-99m-DTPA as an Improved Brain and Kidney Scanning Agent
BNL-50. Study of
Tryptophan Metabolism in Humans with Various Types of Anemia Using Carbon-14
BNL-51. Studies on the
Effects of a High-Calcium Diet on Osteoporosis, Using Calcium-47
BNL-52. Studies on the
Conversion of Pyruvate and Lactate to Glucose Using Carbon-14
BNL-53. Study of Glucose
Metabolism in Patients with Gout Using Carbon-14-Labeled Glucose
BNL-54. Experimental Lymph
Node Imaging with Technetium-99m Sulfur Colloid
BNL-55. The Comparison of
Two Forms of Tryptophan in Patients with Scleroderma, Using Carbon-14 as a
Tracer
BNL-56. Metabolic Studies on Normal and Acromegalic
Subjects Using Carbon-14-Labeled Pyruvate
BNL-57. Measurement of
Whole-Body Potassium Using Potassium-42 as Tracer and a Cesium-137 Gamma Source
BNL-58. Studies on the
Kinetics of Halothane Using Bromine-82
BNL-59. Comparison of
Technetium-99m and Iodine-123 for Thyroid Imaging
BNL-60. Studies on Calcium
Metabolism and Chronic Renal Failure Using Calcium-47
BNL-61. Studies of Glucose
Tolerance in Obese Humans Using Glucose Labeled with Carbon-14 and Tritium
BNL-62. Measurement of
Total-Body Calcium, Sodium, Chlorine, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus by Neutron
Activation Analysis
BNL-63. Effectiveness of Technetium-99m-DTPA in
Measuring Glomerular Filtration Rate
BNL-64. Total-Body Neutron
Activation Analysis
BNL-65. Study of the Effects of a High-Sucrose
Dietary Intake Using Carbon-14
BNL-66. Studies of the
Uptake of Metabolites of Tryptophan Using Carbon-14 43
BNL-67. Comparison of
Tryptophan Metabolism Using Carbon-14-Labeled Tryptophan
BNL-68. Changes in Body
Composition with Age Determined by Total-Body Neutron Activation Analysis
BNL-69. Study of
Krypton-79 Biokinetics
BNL-70. Study of Xenon-127 Retention
Hanford Sites
HS-1.
Ingestion of Iodine-131 in Milk by Hanford Employees
HS-2.
Intentional Release of Iodine-131 at Hanford in 1963
HS-3. Absorption of Tritium
Oxide Through the Skin
HS-4. Calibration Studies Using Zinc-65
HS-5. Study of Metabolism of
Strontium Using Strontium-85 as a Tracer
HS-6. Whole-Body Counting
Studies of the Measurement of Phosphorus-32
HS-7. Distribution and
Excretion of Technetium-95 and Technetium-96 in Humans
HS-8. Study of Promethium
Metabolism and the Effects of DTPA on Promethium Metabolism
HS-9. Whole-Body Counting
Studies Using Iron-59
HS-10. Alternative Method for Measuring Iron Uptake
Using Iron-59
Idaho Sites
IS-1.
Administration of Radioactive Material to Volunteers to Test or Calibrate
Analytical Equipment
IS-2.
Controlled Environmental Radioiodine Tests (CERT)
Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory
LBL-1.
Treatment of Leukemia with Phosphorus-32
LBL-2.
Metabolic Studies of Bone Tumors Using Strontium-89
LBL-3. Inhalation Studies
Using Carbon-11
LBL-4. Inhalation of Zirconium-89 on Smoke Particles
LBL-5. Radioactive
Phosphorus as a Possible Diagnostic Procedure for Breast Tumors
LBL-6. Comparison of the
Uptake of Zirconium-95 in Tumor and Normal Tissue
LBL-7. Autoradiographic
Studies of the Distribution of Radiolabeled Lewisite and Mustard Gas on Skin
LBL-8. Injection of
Americium-241
LBL-9. Uptake of Iodine-131 in Thyroids of
Psychiatric Patients
LBL-10. Sodium-24 Uptake Studies on Patients with
Rheumatoid Arthritis
LBL-11. Blood Volume Studies with Iron-59,
Phosphorus-32, and Chromium-51 Involving Inmates at San Quentin Prison
LBL-12. Blood and Tissue
Studies with Iron59
LBL-13. (Duplicate of LBL-10 in The DOE Roadmap)
LBL-14. Studies on the
Rate of Uptake of Iodine-131 in the Thyroid
LBL-15. Measures of Body
Fat and Related Factors in Normal Adults Using Potassium-40, Cesium-137, and
Tritium
LBL-16. Study of Ascitic Fluid Using Tritium-Labeled
Water and Phosphorus-32
LBL-17. A Physiological Study in the Peruvian Andes
Using Iron-59
LBL-18. Studies on the Metabolism of Glycine Labeled
with Carbon-14
LBL-19. Astatine-211 and the Thyroid
LBL-20.
Body Water at Sea Level and at High Altitudes by Tritium Analysis
LBL-21. High-Energy-Beam
Irradiation of Breast Cancer Patients
LBL-22. Iron-59 Metabolism
in Patients with Cancer and Anemic Conditions
LBL-23. Radionuclide
Studies to Determine Bone Marrow Distribution in Humans
LBL-24. Iron Kinetics and
Hemoglobin Synthesis in Human Subjects with Iron-59-Bound PlasmaLBL-25. Intestinal Iron
Absorption Studies Using Iron-52, Iron-55, and Iron-59 60
LBL-26.
Chromium-51 Metabolism Studies in Patients with Hemochromatosis
LBL-27. Calcium-47
Retention Studies in Juvenile Diabetics
LBL-28. Whole-Body
Counting Studies on the Retention of Copper-67 and Phosphorus-32 and Chromium-51
LBL-29. Metabolism of
Carbon-14-Labeled Methionine in Schizophrenics
LBL-30 .Experimental
Therapy of Multiple Myeloma with Phosphorus-32, Strontium-89, and Yttrium-90
LBL-31. Experimental
Therapy of Polycythemia Vera Using Phosphorus-32 and XRays
LBL-32. Studies of
Iodine-131 Uptake in Hypothyroid Children
LBL-33. Studies on
Patients Treated with Total-Body XRay Irradiation
LBL-34. Studies Using
Radioactive Isotopes of Nitrogen, Argon, Krypton, and Xenon
LBL-35. Blood Oxygen
Studies in Polycythemia Vera Patients and Normal Subjects Using Colloids of
Zirconium-95 and Yttrium-90
LBL-36. Experimental Breast Cancer Treatment Studies
Using Phosphorus-32
LBL-37. Experimental Thyroid Cancer Treatment Using
Iodine-131
LBL-38. Metabolism and Effects of Iodine-131
LBL-39. Studies Using
Phosphorus-32 and Other Radioisotopes
LBL-40. Studies of
Electric Potentials in the Stomach Using Sodium-24
LBL-41. Studies of
Methionine Metabolism Using Sulfur-35 as Tracer
LBL-42. XRay
Irradiation of the Normal Pituitary Gland During Conventional Cancer Therapy
LBL-43. Experimental XRay
Irradiation of the Pituitary in Patients with Melanoma or Hormonally Influenced
Tumors
LBL-44. Blood Volume Studies Using Radioactive
Phosphorus-32 as Tracer
LBL-45. Studies on the Distribution of Gases, Water,
and Electrolytes in the Human Body Using Carbon-11, Sodium-24, and Iodine-131
LBL-46. Total-Body Water
Studies Using Tritium as a Tracer
LBL-47. Liver Blood Flow
Studies Using Phosphorus-32 as a Tracer
LBL-48. Blood Volume Studies in Cirrhosis Using
Phosphorus-32-Labeled Red Blood Cells
LBL-49. Studies of the
Metabolism of Tritium-Labeled Cholesterol
LBL-50. Study of Sodium-24
Metabolism in Normal Individuals and Patients with Ascites
LBL-51. Measurement of
Total "Sodium Space" and Total-Body Sodium Using Sodium-24 as a Tracer
LBL-52. Study of the
Effects of Injection Volume on Intramuscular Sodium Clearance Rates Using
Sodium-24
LBL-53. Experimental Treatment of Bladder Tumors
Using Cobalt-60 Beads
LBL-54. Red Blood-Cell Studies in Leukemia Patients
Using Carbon-14-Labeled Glycine
LBL-55. Study of the
Effect of Thyrotropic Hormone Using Iodine-131
LBL-56. Blood Volume
Studies in Cancer Using Phosphorus-32
LBL-57. Blood Volume
Studies in Pregnancy Using Phosphorus-32
LBL-58. Blood Volume
Studies in Pre-Eclamptic Patients Using Phosphorus-32
LBL-59. Lipid Metabolism
Studies Using Tritium-Labeled Cholesterol
LBL-60. Blood Volume
Studies Using Dextran and Phosphorus-32-Labeled Red Blood Cells
LBL-61. Measurement of
Blood Volume Using Chromium-51
LBL-62. Body Composition
Studies Using Tritium
LBL-63. Blood Studies in Congestive Heart Failure
Using Phosphorus-32 and Sodium-24
LBL-64. Experimental
Cancer Therapy Using Gold-198, Yttrium-90, and Chromium-51
LBL-65. Study of Local
Blood Flow in Bone Marrow in Patients with Leukemia and Neoplastic Diseases
Using Iodine-131
LBL-66. Localization of Deep-Seated Tumors Using
Potassium-42
LBL-67. Measurement of Residual Fluid in the Fasting
Stomach Using Zirconium-95/Niobium-95 as Tracer
LBL-68. Measurement of
Sodium-24 Movement in Normal Subjects
LBL-69. Aspirin Absorption
Studies Using Carbon-14
LBL-70. Studies on Protein-Bound Iodine131 in
Children
LBL-71. Studies of Red Blood-Cell Production in
Patients with Polycythemia Vera Using Iron-59 and Phosphorus-32
LBL-72. Experimental
Treatment of Cancer with Heavy Charged Particles
LBL-73. Studies of Human
Growth and Development Involving the Use of Tritium, Sodium-24, and Iodine-131
as Tracers
LBL-74. Study of the Effects of Altitude on Red Cell
Production and Volume Using Tritium, Phosphorus-32, and Iron-59
LBL-75. Estimates of
Lean-Body Weight and Skeletal Size Using Tritium and XRays
LBL-76. A Study of the
Effectiveness of Silver-111 as a Tracer in Liver Functions Tests
LBL-77. Iodine Uptake
Studies in Thyroid Cancer Patients Using Iodine-131
LBL-78. Studies on Iron
Loss Using Iron59
LBL-79. Blood Volume Studies in Healthy Humans Using
Chromium-51 as Tracer
LBL-80. Studies of Blood Flow to Bone Using
Fluorine-18
LBL-81. Blood Volume Studies Using Chromium-51 and
Iodine-131 in Diagnosis of Aldosteronism
LBL-82. Experimental
Therapy for Leukemia Using Yttrium-90
LBL-83. Studies of Fatty
Acid Metabolism Using Palmitic Acid Labeled with Carbon-14 as a Tracer
LBL-84. Bone Marrow
Distribution of Iron Using Iron-59 and Iron-52 as Tracers
LBL-85. Physiological
Studies on Mount Everest Climbers Using Iron-59 and Tritium
LBL-86. Tumor Localization
Studies Using Selenium-75, Mercury-197, Technetium-99m, and Strontium-85
LBL-87. Iron Kinetics
Studies Using Iron59
LBL-88. Experimental Tumor Imaging Using Gallium-67
LBL-89. Study of Metabolic
Abnormalities in Asparagine-Dependent Tumors Using Carbon-14
LBL-90. Carbon-14
Bicarbonate Kinetics in Adult Males
LBL-91. Study of
Methionine Metabolism in Folic-Acid-Deficient and Vitamin B12-Deficient
Patients Using Carbon-14
LBL-92. Visual
Perception Studies Using Neutron Beams
LBL-93.
Nutritional Studies Using Carbon-14 as Tracer
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
LLNL-1. In VivoCalibration
Studies Using Humans Administered Niobium-92m, Barium-133, Palladium-103,
Chromium-51, and Strontium-85
LLNL-2. Ozone Effects on Overall and Regional Lung
Function Using Nitrogen-13 and Oxygen-15
LLNL-3.
Decompression Sickness Studies Using Nitrogen-13 and Ar 211. gon-41
Los Alamos National Laboratory
LANL-1.
Tritium Studies at Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory
LANL-2.
Metabolism of EDTA in Humans Using Carbon-14
LANL-3.
Radiation Exposure of Aircrews in Mushroom Clouds
LANL-4. Determination of
the Survival Time of Red Blood Cells by Chromium-51 Labeling
LANL-5. Studies of the
Metabolism and Excretion of Alkali Metal Radionuclides in Humans
LANL-6. Absorption and
Retention of Orally Administered Iron-59 in Humans
LANL-7.
Determining Thyroid Uptake and Retention of Iodine-131
LANL-8. Long-Term
Retention of Cesium134 and Cesium-137 in Humans
LANL-9.
Study of the Retention and Excretion of Iodine-131
LANL-10. Absorption and Uptake of Iodine-131 and
Sodium-24 in Humans
LANL-11.
Retention of Iodine-131 in Subjects with Inflammatory Liver Disease
LANL-12. Gastrointestinal
Passage of Radioactive Particles Containing Manganese-54 and Uranium-235
LANL-13.
Metabolism of Zinc-65 in Human Leukemia
LANL-14. Iodine-131 Used
to Determine Thyroid Uptake Measurement Techniques
LANL-15. Uptake and
Retention of Zinc65
LANL-16.
Iron-59 Absorption in Normal Human Subjects
LANL-17. Cutaneous
Absorption of Strontium-85
LANL-18.
Retention of Strontium-85
LANL-19. Studies on the Retention of Iodine131 in
Humans
LANL-20. Thyroid Function Studies Using Sodium
Iodide-131
LANL-21.
(Essentially a duplicate of LANL-15 in The DOE Roadmap)
LANL-22.
Cesium-132 Metabolism in Humans
LANL-23.
Thyroid Studies Using Small Amounts of Iodine-125 and Iodine-131
LANL-24.
Studies of the Metabolism of Antituberculous Drugs Using a Carbon-14 Tracer
LANL-25.
Clinical Applications of Whole-Body Scintillometry for Determining
Cobalt-60-Labeled Vitamin B12 Absorption and Retention
Oak Ridge Sites
OR-1. Early
Gallium-72 Studies in Nuclear Medicine
OR-2. Colloidal
Gold-198 Studies at Oak Ridge
OR-3. Use of Serum Albumin Labeled with Iodine-131
OR-4. Iodine-131 in the
Treatment of Malignant Melanoma
OR-5. Use of Iodine-131
Following Surgical Removal of Thyroid Cancers
OR-6. Comparison of the
Metabolism of Rubidium-86 and Potassium-42
OR-7. Metabolism Studies
Using Calcium47
OR-8. Total-Body Irradiation Therapy of Hematologic
Disorders
OR-9. Studies Using Cobalt-57-Labeled Vitamin B12
OR-10. Iodine-131-Labeled
L-Thyroxine Turnover by Whole-Body Counting
OR-11.
Experimental Tumor Scanning with Gallium-67
OR-12.
Therapeutic Allogenic Transplantation of Human Bone Marrow
OR-13. ScandiumAugmented
Gallium-67 Localization in Tumors
OR-14. Clinical Testing of
Strontium-85m as a Bone Scanning Agent
OR-15.
Comparison of Indium-111 and Bismuth-206 with Gallium-67 as Tumor Scanning
Agents
OR-16. Use of an
External Gadolinium-153 Source for Timing the Cardiac Cycle
OR-17.
Dysprosium-157 as a Clinical Imaging Agent for Solid Tumors
OR-18. (Included in The
DOE Roadmap and now part of OR-8)
OR-19.
Clinical Testing of a Line-Scanning Proportional Counter Camera Using Injected
Iodine-125 and Technetium-99m
OR-20. Uranium Injections Into Terminally Ill Cancer
Patients
OR-21.
Pathologic Changes in Normal Thyroid Tissue After Large Doses of Iodine-131
OR-22.
Intracavitary Injection of Phosphate-32 as Colloidal Chromic Phosphate
OR-23.
Experimental Treatment of Chronic Leukemia Using Colloidal Gold-198
OR-24.
Intracavitary Colloidal Gold-198 in the Treatment of Effusions Due to Malignant
Neoplasms
OR-25. Study
of Strontium and Calcium Metabolism Using Strontium-85 and Calcium-45
OR-26.
Gastrointestinal Tract Studies Using Lanthanum-140 and Iron-59
OR-27.
Total-Body Irradiation and Attempted Bone Marrow Transplants in Acute Leukemia
OR-28. Use
of Iodine-130 to Study Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone in Cancer Patients
OR-29. Study
of Uranium Excretion in Urine After Exposure to Uranium Oxide Dusts
OR-30. Study
of the Effects of Beta Rays on Skin Using Phosphorus-32
OR-31. Thyroid Metabolism
of Iodine-131 in Single Versus Continual Ingestions
OR-32. Study
of Decontamination of Skin Contaminated with Silver-110m
University of California, Los Angeles
UCLA-1.
Early Experimental Imaging of the Thyroid Gland Using Iodine-131
UCLA-2.
Zinc Metabolism Studies Using Zinc-65
UCLA-3. A
Study of Strontium-85 and Calcium-47 Metabolism in Patients with Osteoporosis,
Paget's Disease, and Metastatic Bone Tumors
UCLA-4.
Studies of Liver Function and Blood Flow Using Rose Bengal Iodine-131 and
Colloidal Gold198 in Normal and Diseased Subjects
UCLA-5.
Tracer Studies Using Iodine-125, Iodine-131, and Gold-198 to Evaluate Functions
of the Reticuloendothelial System
UCLA-6. Retention of
Vitamin B12 Labeled with Cobalt-60
UCLA-7. Retention of
Iodine-131-Labeled Human Serum Albumin
UCLA-8. Study of Calcium
Metabolism Using Calcium-47 as a Tracer
UCLA-9. Study of Lung
Imaging Techniques Using Albumin Labeled with Iodine-131 and Iodine-125
UCLA-10. Strontium-85
Retention in Humans
UCLA-11. Lung Scanning of Inhaled
Radiopharmaceuticals Using Iodine-131 and Technetium99m
UCLA-12. Measurement of
Loss of Iodine131-Labeled Human-Serum Albumin in Children
UCLA-13. Copper-67
Absorption in Patients with Disorders of Iron Metabolism
UCLA-14. Total-Body
Counting of Iodine131-Labeled Gamma Globulins
UCLA-15. Study of
Manganese-54 and Copper-67 Absorption and Retention
UCLA-16. Study of Inhaled
Pollen-Associated Asthma Using Technetium-99m and Xenon133
UCLA-17. Liver Blood Flow
Study Using Gold-198 and Technetium-99m
UCLA-18.
Thrombophlebitis Scanning Using Technetium-99m and Iodine-
UCLA-19. Studies of Liver
Circulation and Metabolism in Normal and Diseased Subjects Using Technetium-99m
Albumin Microaggregates
UCLA-20. Studies of Hip Socket Vascularity Using
Technetium-99m-Sulfur Colloid
UCLA-21. Test of Lung Scans in Normal Subjects
Using Technetium-99m, Indium-113m, and Xenon-133
UCLA-22.Study of Cranial
Development Defects Using Fluorine-18
UCLA-23. Study of Heart
Chamber and Pulmonary Dilution Curves in Normal Subjects and Patients with
Shunts Using Xenon-133 and Technetium-99m
University of Chicago-Argonne Cancer Research
Hospital
UC-1.
Chromium-51 and Iron-59 Used to Study Red Blood-Cell Production
UC-2.
Studies on the Clinical Application of Yttrium-90
UC-3.
Chromium-51 Used to Study Primaquine Sensitivity
UC-4.
Chromium-51 Used to Measure Red Cell Survival Times in Subjects with Liver
Diseases
UC-5. Radioactive Carbon in Studies of Cholesterol
Metabolism in Humans Using Carbon-14
UC-6. Study of the Origin
of Steroid Hormones Using Tritium and Carbon-14-Labeled Compounds
UC-7. Chromium-51 Used to
Study Red Blood Cells
UC-9. Carbon-14-Labeled Proteins in Multiple Myeloma
UC-10. Carbon-14-Labeled Digitoxin Administered to
Pregnant Women to Determine Fetal Distribution
UC-11. Human Tracer
Studies Using Tritium- and Carbon-14-Labeled Cholesterol
UC-12. Study of Hormone
Conversion During Human Pregnancy Using Carbon-14
UC-13. Studies on Uric
Acid Labeled with Carbon-14
UC-14. Carbon-14 Study of the Carbon Dioxide Pool in
Humans
UC-15. Metabolism, Retention, and Excretion of
Molybdenum-99
UC-16. Metabolism of Strontium-85 and Calcium-47
UC-17. Development of
Iodine131-Labeled Fluorescein as a Brain Tumor Imaging Agent
UC-18. Studies Using
Carbon-14-Labeled Compounds in Patients with Gout
UC-19. Use of
Molybdenum-99 for Liver Scanning Studies
UC-20. Metabolism of
Lithocholic Acid Labeled with Carbon-14
UC-21. Preliminary Tracer
Studies Using Technetium-99m and Iodine-131
UC-22. Metabolism and
Absorption of Skin Medications Labeled with Carbon-14
UC-23. Studies on the Use
of Iodine-131 Antifibrinogen
UC-24. Bone-Tissue Radiography Using an External
Source of Iodine-125
UC-25. Retention of Iron-59 in the Lungs
UC-26. Studies on the
Radiation Sensitivity of Tumors in Normal Tissues After Chemically Induced
Hyperthyroidism
UC-27. Metabolism and Retention Studies Using
Selenium-75
UC-28. Comparison of Gallium-68, Technetium-99m, and
Indium-113m for Diagnosis of Tumors
UC-29. Study of X-Ray
Treatment of Gastric Ulcers
UC-30. Experimental Neurosurgery Using Palladium-109
and Silver-111 Implants in Parkinson's Disease Patients
UC-31. The Use of
Yttrium-90 Pellets to Destroy the Pituitary Gland in Patients with Hormonally
Influenced Cancers
UC-32. Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer Using
Implanted Iodine-131
UC-33. Chicago Studies of the Metabolism of a
Tuberculosis Drug Using Carbon-14
UC-34. Cholesterol Studies
Using Carbon-14 and Tritium
UC-35. Study of Glutamic Acid Metabolism Using
Carbon-14 Tracer
UC-36. Study of the Metabolism of Progesterone Using
Carbon-14
UC-37. Influence of a Brain Extract on Cholesterol
Metabolism Using Carbon-14 as a Tracer
UC-38. Experimental Cancer
Therapy Using Permanent Chromium-51 Implants
UC-39. Treatment of
Selected Tumors Using an Electron Beam
UC-40. Human Ingestion of
Real and Simulated Fallout
UC-41. Use of an Experimental Strontium90/Yttrium-90
Needle for Radiation Cordotomy Pain Relief
UC-42. Pharmacokinetics of
Selenium-75-L-Selenomethionine
UC-43. Experimental Use of
Gallium-67 as a Scanning Agent in the Staging of Hodgkin's Disease
University of Rochester
UR-1.
Polonium-210 Metabolism and Excretion Study
UR-2.
Uranium Injections
UR-3. Ingestion of Milk Containing Iodine131
UR-4. The Fate of Radon
Ingested by Humans
UR-5. Excretion Studies Using Thorotrast Containing
Thorium-232 and Decay Products
UR-6. Radon-222 Inhalation
Studies
UR-7. Study of the Retention and Distribution of
Thorium-232 Decay Products
UR-8. Study of the Metabolism of Natural Uranium in
the Human Skeleton
UR-9. Use of Antibodies Labeled with Iodine-131 in
the Diagnosis and Localization of Brain Tumors151
UR-10. Skeletal Metabolism of Calcium-45 and Sodium-22
UR-11. Lead-212 Absorption
Studies
Other
OT-1. Study
of Blood Volumes with Iodine131-Tagged Plasma Protein
OT-2. The Use of
Iodine-131-Labeled Human Serum Albumin to Evaluate the Peripheral Circulation
OT-3. Use of
Iodine-131-Labeled Protein in the Study of Protein Digestion and Absorption in
Children With and Without Cystic Fibrosis of the Pancreas
OT-4. Thyroidal Deposition
of Iodine-131 in Humans, Rats, and Dogs, from Milk and Nonmilk Sources
OT-5. Plasma Volume Studies
Using Chromium-51-Chloride
OT-6. Iodine-131 Uptake by the Human Embryo
OT-7. Uptake of
Iodine-131 in Normal Newborn Infants in Iowa City
OT-8. Uptake of Iodine-131
in Normal Newborn Infants in Nebraska
OT-9. Uptake of Iodine-131
in Normal Newborn Infants in Memphis
OT-10. Radioactive Isotope
Studies at Tulane
OT-11. Iron Metabolism in Human Pregnancy as Studied
with Iron-59
OT-12. Sodium-24 Used to Study Exchangeable Sodium
in Relation to the Menstrual Cycle
OT-13. Blood Volume
Measurements Using Stable Chromium-50 and Radioactive Chromium-51
OT-14. Testicular
Irradiation of Washington State Prison Inmates
OT-15. Iron-55 and Iron-59
Metabolism in Humans
OT-16. Study of Blood Labeled with Chromium-51 in
Normal Volunteer Subjects
OT-17. Total-Body Neutron Activation Analysis
OT-18. Utah Strontium-85
Metabolism Study
OT-19. Radioisotope Studies at the Fernald State
School, Massachusetts
OT-20. Uptake of Iodine-131 by Premature Infants in
Detroit
OT-21. Testicular Irradiation of Oregon State Prison
Inmates
OT-22. Distribution of Zinc-65 in Blood and Organs
of Humans
OT-23. Thyroid Uptake and Urinary Excretion of
Iodine-131 in Assessing Thyroid Function
OT-24. Short-Term
Clearance Studies Using Iodine-131
OT-25. Study of
Iodine-131-Thyroxine Metabolism in Adolescent and Adult Human Subjects
OT-26. Study of
Iodine-131-Triiodothyronine Counting in Normal Subjects
OT-27. Thyroid Hormone
Secretion Studies Using Iodine-131
OT-28. Brain Scanning
Studies Using Potassium-42
OT-29. Studies on Body Potassium Using Potassium-42
OT-30. Serum Level of
Protein Bound Iodine-131 in the Diagnosis of Hyperthyroidism
OT-31. Body Constituent Studies Using Sodium-24 and
Potassium-42
OT-32. Red Blood-Cell Volume Studies Using Chromium51
OT-33. Studies on Body
Sodium Using Sodium-24
OT-34. Bone Studies Using Sodium-24
OT-35. Studies of Calcium
Metabolism and Thyroid Disease Using Calcium-45
OT-36. Analysis of Red
Blood-Cell Survival in the Body Using Chromium-51
OT-37. Blood Volume Studies Using Chromium-51
OT-38. Studies of Stable
Iodine Uptake Using Iodine-131 as a Tracer
OT-39. Studies of Iron
Metabolism, Anemia, and Cancer Using Iron-59 and Chromium-51
OT-40. Studies of Iron
Metabolism, Anemia, and Rheumatoid Arthritis Using Iron-59
OT-41. Iron Absorption
Studies Using Iron-59
OT-42. The Effects of Whole-Body Radiation on Organ
Transplant Survival
OT-43. Blood-Cell Studies in Colorado Prisoners
Using Iron-59, Phosphorus-32, and Chromium-51
OT-44. Tracer Studies of
Arsenic Metabolism Using Arsenic-71 and Arsenic-74
OT-45. Iodine Metabolism
Studies in Graves' Disease Using Iodine-131
OT-46. Early Studies of
Iron Metabolism in Red Blood Cells Using Iron-55 and Iron-59
OT-47. Studies on
Absorption of Insulin Labeled with Iodine-131 in Subjects
OT-48. Studies of the
Effects of Thiouracil on the Thyroid Gland Using Iodine-131
OT-49. Studies on the
Absorption of Ferrous and Ferric Iron Using Iron-59
OT-50. Studies to
Determine Red Blood-Cell Volumes in Human Subjects Using Iron-55 and Iron-59
OT-51. A Study of Red
Blood-Cell Survival in Stored and Transfused Blood Using Iron-55
OT-52. Studies on Red
Blood-Cell Survival During Storage and After Transfusion Using Iron-55 and
Iron-59 Tracers
OT-53. Effect of Phytate on the Absorption of
Iron-59 and Iron-55
OT-54. Measurements of Radon-222 Absorption Through
Skin
OT-55. Studies of the Urinary Excretion of Iodine
Using Iodine-131
OT-56. Study of the Uptake of Iodine in Fetal
Thyroids Using Iodine-131
OT-57. Red Blood-Cell Volumes and Hematocrit in
Normal Pregnancy Using Iron-55
OT-58. Studies of Iron
Storage and Utilization Using Iron-55 and Iron-59
OT-59. Study of Iron
Turnover by Red Blood Cells Using Iron-55 and Iron-59
OT-60. Studies of the
Metabolism of Maternal Iron in Newborn Infants Using Iron-55
OT-61. Thyroid Function
Studies Using Iodine-131
OT-62. Interlaboratory Comparison of the Reliability
of the Measurement of Cesium-137 in Humans
OT-63. Metabolic and
Gastrointestinal Absorption Studies with Short-Lived Decay Products of Radium
and Thorium
OT-64. Comparison of Iodine-123 and Iodine-131 for
Thyroid Uptake Studies
OT-65. Iodine-131 Localization
OT-66. Tolerance to
Whole-Body Irradiation of Patients with Advanced Cancer
OT-67. Modification of the
Distribution and Excretion of Lanthanum-140 by Chelating Agents
OT-68. Metabolism Studies
Using Strontium-85 and Calcium-45
OT-69. Strontium
Metabolism Studies Using Strontium-85
OT-70. Studies on EDTA and
Strontium Excretion Using Strontium-85
OT-71. Comparative
Metabolism Studies Using Strontium-85 and Calcium45
OT-72. Efforts to Increase
the Rate of Strontium-85 Excretion
OT-73. Decontamination of
Skin Contaminated with Carbon-14, Fission Products, Tantalum-182, and Alpha
Emitters
OT-74. Effects of Radium-224 Applied to Skin
OT-75. Effects of
Strontium-90 and Yttrium-90 on Skin
OT-76. Topical Absorption
Studies Using Radium-224
OT-77. Effects of Polonium-210 on Skin
OT-78. Studies of the
Transmission of Radioiodine to Infants Through Maternal Breast Milk
OT-79. Studies of Copper
Metabolism Using Copper-64 in Healthy Subjects and Patients with Wilson's
Disease
OT-80. Studies on Copper Transfer Between Red Blood
Cells and Plasma Using Copper-64
OT-81. White Blood-Cell
Labeling Studies Using Phosphorus-32 in Utah Prisoners
OT-82. Granulocyte Studies
Using Phosphorus-32 in Utah Prisoners
OT-83. White Blood-Cell
Production Studies Using Phosphorus-32
OT-84. Study of Copper Metabolism Using Copper-64
OT-85. Blister Studies
Using Phosphorus-32 in Utah Prisoners
OT-86. Comparative
Metabolism of Radium-226 and Strontium-85
OT-87. Total-Body Counter Calibration Using
Cesium-132 and Potassium42
OT-88. Study of
Cortisone-Induced Granulocytosis Using Phosphorus-32-Labeled
isopropylfluorophosphate in Utah Prisoners
OT-89. Cesium-137 and
Rubidium-83 Metabolism in Healthy Subjects and Subjects with Muscular Dystrophy
OT-90. Study of
Granulocyte Kinetics During Endotoxin-Induced Granulocytosis Using Phosphorus-32
in Utah Prisoners
OT-91. Study of the Transfer of Iron-59 and
Iodine-131 Between Mother and Fetus
OT-92. Metabolism Studies
Using Strontium-85 and Calcium-47
OT-93. Measuring
Extracellular Fluid Using Sodium-24
OT-94. Potassium Studies
in Diseased Patients Using Potassium-42
OT-95. Potassium Studies
in Women Using Potassium-42
OT-96. Sodium Volume Studies in Diseased Patients
Using Sodium24
OT-97. Study of Potassium Metabolism in
Hyperthyroidism Using Potassium-42
OT-98. Studies of
Potassium Metabolism in Diabetes Using Potassium-42 Tracer
OT-99. Iron Absorption
Studies Using Iron-55 and Iron-59 in Normal Subjects and Mental Patients
OT-100. Study of Iron
Turnover Rates Using Iron-55 in Men, and Nonmenstruating and Menstruating Women
OT-101. Study of Cooley's
Anemia in Children Using Chromium-51 and Iron-59
OT-102. Study of Red
Blood-Cell Production Using Iron-59
OT-103. Sodium Volume
Studies in Children and Adults Using Sodium-24
OT-104. Estimates of
Total-Body Sodium in Infants and Children Using Sodium-24
OT-105. Total-Body Sodium
Studies Using Sodium-24
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