Donner Lab Administrator Baird G. Whaley

(1)UC Radiation Laboratory; renamed Lawrence Radiation Laboratory; now Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy; founded by Ernest Lawrence in 1936

(2)a laboratory set up at the UC Radiation Laboratory in Berkeley during the 1930s specifically to conduct experiments in medical physics

(3)Dr. John Lawrence, brother of Ernest O. Lawrence, was Director of the Division of Medical Physics at the University of California, Berkeley. He operated a clinic at Donner Laboratory, where he treated leukemia and polycythemia vera patients with radioactive phosphorus.

(4)Mr. Whaley added later: "We used to joke a bit that one of Dr. Lawrence's principal ways of concluding an interview was to hire people. He had a little difficulty sometimes in saying 'no'."

(5)Mr. Whaley added later: "He was the director until 1970, and then went on the Regents."

(6)the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, predecessor agency to the U.S. Department of Energy and Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC); established January 1, 1947

(7)Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California

(8)John Gofman was a physician and biophysicist. For the interview with Gofman, see DOE/EH-0457, Human Radiation Studies: Remembering the Early Years; Oral History of Dr. John W. Gofman, M.D. (June 1995).

(9)The Biomedical Division at Lawrence Livermore was set up in 1962 by the chairman of AEC's Division of Biology and Medicine, Charles Dunham. The establishment of this laboratory is discussed under "Livermore Biomedical Division; Conflicts With John Gofman (1962–72)" in the John R. Totter transcript (DOE/EH-0481, September 1995). For insight into discussions leading to establishing this laboratory from Dr. Gofman's perspective, see "Establishing Livermore Laboratory's Division of Biology and Medicine" and "Jack, all we want is the truth" in the Gofman transcript (DOE/EH-0457, June 1995).

(10)Lawrence belonged to the Bohemian Club, an exclusive social club in the San Francisco area known for back-to-nature retreats at the Bohemian Grove (North of San Francisco, in the Russian River country) and the power and influence of its members.

(11)a firm that develops and manufactures drugs approved for human use

(12)Lilly has not merged with or been acquired by another firm.

(13)Merck & Co., Inc., based in White House Station, New Jersey, remains one of the largest pharmaceutical firms in the United States.

(14)Mr. Whaley added later: "I went back and helped with a lawsuit in 1990. And using my recollection of things that had gone on in the late seventies and early eighties, I was surprised at the number of things that I had forgotten or I hadn't remembered quite correctly."

(15)The U.S. Energy Research and Development Administration succeeded the AEC in the early '70s, and in turn was replaced by the DOE in 1977.

(16)U.S. Department of Energy, created in 1977

(17)Mr. Whaley added later: "When I speak of 'our office,' that included Jim Born, who was the assistant director. He was also heavily involved in the medical research end of it; and Janice DeMoor was a physiologist. [Though she moved away shortly after I joined the Lab,] she is certainly somebody you should talk to, and was there longer than I was. I think she's still alive and functioning and lives here in Berkeley."

(18)an accelerator in which particles move in spiral paths in a constant magnetic field

(19)Joseph Hamilton, an M.D., worked at Crocker Laboratory, then the site of a 60-inch cyclotron that he operated to produce radioisotopes in support of research and some medical diagnosis and treatment. Crocker was part of the Lawrence Radiation Laboratory.

(20)The rivalry between Crocker and Donner, two branches of the Lawrence Radiation Laboratory, is discussed by Gofman in the transcript of his interview (DOE/EH-0457).

(21)Gofman's public views and outspoken style brought him into frequent conflict with the AEC. For Gofman's account of these conflicts, see "The Controversy Over Nuclear-Armed Antiballistic Missiles (1969)" in the Gofman transcript. A contrasting view is presented by the AEC's John Totter in his transcript (DOE/EH-0481, September 1995).

(22)U.S. physicist, 1901–58; a pioneer in nuclear physics who built and operated (with M. Stanley Livingston and Milton White) the first cyclotron in 1930 on the Berkeley campus of the University of California; established the University of California Radiation Laboratory in 1936 and served as its director until his death.

(23)Hardin B. Jones, M.D., studied isotope applications in nuclear medicine and showed uptake of iodine-131 by human and bovine thyroids. He was a member of the National Advisory Committee on Radiation of the Federal Radiation Council. Politically conservative, Jones took a stand against the counter-culture movement at Berkeley during the '60s. He died of a heart attack in the late '70s. See "Reflections on Hardin Jones" in DOE/EH-0476, Human Radiation Studies: Remembering the Early Years; Oral History of Physiologist Nello Pace, Ph.D. (June 1995).

(24)Tobias was a professor of medical physics and radiology at the Donner Laboratory and the University of California at Berkeley. Dr. Tobias's main research focused on the biological effects of radiation; cancer research; and space medicine. For the transcript of the interview with Tobias, see DOE/EH-0480, Human Radiation Studies: Remembering the Early Years; Oral History of Biophysicist Cornelius A. Tobias, Ph.D. (July 1995).